1420)IssueFatherMotherSignatureHenry V (16 September 1386 – 31 August 1422), also called Henry of Monmouth, was from 1413 until his death in 1422. He was the second English monarch of the.

Despite his relatively short reign, Henry's outstanding military successes in the against made England one of the strongest military powers in Europe. Immortalised in 's ' plays, Henry is known and celebrated as one of the greatest warrior kings of.During the reign of his father, Henry gained military experience fighting the Welsh during the of and against the powerful aristocratic of at the. Henry acquired an increasing role in England's government due to the king's declining health, but disagreements between father and son led to political conflict between the two. After his father's death in 1413, Henry assumed control of the country and asserted the pending.In 1415, in the ongoing Hundred Years' War (1337–1453) between the two nations.

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His military successes culminated in his famous victory at the (1415) and saw him come close to conquering France. Taking advantage of political divisions within France, he conquered large portions of the kingdom, resulting in 's occupation by the English for the first time since 1345–1360. After months of negotiation with, the (1420) recognised Henry V as regent and to the French throne, and he was subsequently married to Charles's daughter,. Everything seemed to point to the formation of a, of Henry. However, he died two years later and was succeeded by his only child, the infant.

Contents.Early life Henry was born in the tower above the gatehouse of in, and for that reason was sometimes called Henry of Monmouth. He was the son of Henry of Bolingbroke (later ). His father's cousin was the reigning English monarch,. Henry's paternal grandfather was the influential, a son of. As he was not close to the line of succession to the throne, Henry's date of birth was not officially documented, and for many years it was disputed whether he was born in 1386 or 1387.

However, records indicate that his younger brother was born in the autumn of 1387 and that his parents were at Monmouth in 1386 but not in 1387. It is now accepted that he was born on 16 September 1386.Upon the exile of Henry's father in 1398, Richard II took the boy into his own charge and treated him kindly. The young Henry accompanied Richard to.

While in the royal service, he visited in, the ancient meeting place of the. Of Henry IV, c. 1402In 1399, John of Gaunt died. In the same year, King Richard II was overthrown by the usurpation that brought Henry's father to the throne, and Henry was recalled from Ireland into prominence as to the. He was created at his father's coronation and on 10 November 1399, the third person to hold the title that year.

His other titles were,. A contemporary record notes that in 1399, Henry spent time at, under the care of his uncle, the chancellor of the university. From 1400 to 1404, he carried out the duties of.Less than three years later, Henry was in command of part of the English forces. He led his own army into Wales against and joined forces with his father to fight at the in 1403. It was there that the 16-year-old prince was almost killed by an arrow that became stuck in his face. An ordinary soldier might have died from such a wound, but Henry had the benefit of the best possible care.

Over a period of several days, the royal physician, treated the wound with to act as an, crafted a tool to screw into the broken arrow shaft and thus extract the arrow without doing further damage, and flushed the wound with alcohol. The operation was successful, but it left Henry with permanent scars, evidence of his experience in battle. Bradmore records this account in Latin, in his manuscript titled Philomena. Henry's treatment also appears in an anonymous Middle English surgical treatise dated to 1446 and often attributed to.Role in government and conflict with Henry IV. Henry, while Prince of Wales, presenting 's Regement of Princes to (1411–13),The absorbed Henry's energies until 1408. Then, as a result of the king's ill health, Henry began to take a wider share in politics. From January 1410, helped by his uncles Henry Beaufort and, legitimised sons of John of Gaunt, he had practical control of the government.

Both in foreign and domestic policy he differed from the king, who discharged his son from the council in November 1411. The quarrel of father and son was political only, though it is probable that the Beauforts had discussed the abdication of Henry IV.

Their opponents certainly endeavoured to defame Prince Henry. Supposed riotous youth It may be that the tradition of Henry's riotous youth, immortalised by, is partly due to political enmity. Henry's record of involvement in war and politics, even in his youth, disproves this tradition. The most famous incident, his quarrel with the chief justice, has no contemporary authority and was first related by Sir in 1531.The story of originated in Henry's early friendship with Sir, a supporter of the. Shakespeare's Falstaff was originally named 'Oldcastle', following his main source,.

His descendants objected and the name was changed (the character became a composite of several real persons, including Sir ). That friendship, and the prince's political opposition to, perhaps encouraged Lollard hopes. If so, their disappointment may account for the statements of ecclesiastical writers like that Henry on becoming king was suddenly changed into a new man. Reign Accession After Henry IV died on 20 March 1413, Henry V succeeded him and was crowned on 9 April 1413 at. The ceremony was marked by a terrible snowstorm, but the common people were undecided as to whether it was a good or bad omen. Henry V was described as having been 'very tall (6ft 3 in), slim, with dark hair cropped in a ring above the ears, and clean-shaven'. His complexion was ruddy, the face lean with a prominent and pointed nose.

Depending on his mood, his eyes 'flashed from the mildness of a dove's to the brilliance of a lion's'. Domestic policy. A gold coin of Henry VHenry tackled all of the domestic policies together and gradually built on them a wider policy. From the first, he made it clear that he would rule England as the head of a united nation. On the one hand, he let past differences be forgotten – the late Richard II was honourably re-interred; the young was taken into favour; the heirs of those who had suffered in the last reign were restored gradually to their titles and estates. On the other hand, where Henry saw a grave domestic danger, he acted firmly and ruthlessly, such as the discontent in January 1414 and including the execution by burning of Henry's old friend Sir in 1417 to 'nip the movement in the bud' and make his own position as ruler secure.

Facsimile of letter from Henry, 1418His reign was generally free from serious trouble at home. The exception was the in favour of Mortimer, involving and (grandfather of the future ), in July 1415.

Mortimer himself remained loyal to Henry.Starting in August 1417, Henry V promoted the use of the in government and his reign marks the appearance of English as well as the adoption of English as the language of record within government. He was the first king to use English in his personal correspondence since the 350 years earlier.

Foreign affairs Diplomacy. Silver of Henry V,Henry could now turn his attention to foreign affairs. A writer of the next generation was the first to allege that Henry was encouraged by statesmen to enter into the French war as a means of diverting attention from home troubles. Kuboom apk download.

This story seems to have no foundation. Old commercial disputes and the support the French had lent to Owain Glyndŵr were used as an excuse for war, while the disordered state of France afforded no security for peace. The French king, was prone to mental illness; at times he thought he was made of glass, and was an unpromising prospect. However, it was, first pursued by, that justified war with France in English opinion.Following the, then and later, made a visit to Henry in hopes of making peace between England and France. His goal was to persuade Henry to modify his demands against the French. Henry lavishly entertained the emperor and even had him enrolled in the.

Sigismund, in turn, inducted Henry into the. Henry had intended to for the order after uniting the and French thrones, but he died before fulfilling his plans.

Sigismund left England several months later, having signed the acknowledging English claims to France.Campaigns in France Henry may have regarded the assertion of his own claims as part of his royal duty, but a permanent settlement of the national debate was essential to the success of his foreign policy. 1415 campaign. The ratification of the between Henry and.On 12 August 1415, Henry sailed for France, where his forces at, capturing it on 22 September.

Afterwards, Henry decided to march with his army across the French countryside towards despite the warnings of his council. On 25 October, on the plains near the village of, a French army intercepted his route.

Despite his men-at-arms being exhausted, outnumbered and malnourished, Henry led his men into battle, decisively, who suffered severe losses. It is often argued that the French men-at-arms were bogged down in the muddy battlefield, soaked from the previous night of heavy rain, and that this hindered the French advance, allowing them to be sitting targets for the flanking English and Welsh archers. Most were simply hacked to death while completely stuck in the deep mud.

Nevertheless, the victory is seen as Henry's greatest, ranking alongside the (1346) and the (1356) as the greatest English victories of the Hundred Years' War.During the battle, Henry ordered that the French prisoners taken during the battle be put to death, including some of the most illustrious who could have been used for ransom. Cambridge historian Brett Tingley posits that Henry was concerned that the prisoners might turn on their captors when the English were busy repelling a third wave of enemy troops, thus jeopardising a hard-fought victory.The victorious conclusion of Agincourt, from the English viewpoint, was only the first step in the campaign to recover the French possessions that he felt belonged to the English crown. Agincourt also held out the promise that Henry's pretensions to the French throne might be realised.Diplomacy and command of the sea Command of the sea was secured by driving the allies of the French out of the. While Henry was occupied with peace negotiations in 1416, a French and Genoese fleet surrounded the harbour at the English-garrisoned Harfleur. A French land force also besieged the town. To relieve Harfleur, Henry sent his brother, who raised a fleet and set sail from on 14 August.

The Franco-Genoese fleet was defeated the following day after a gruelling seven-hour battle and Harfleur was relieved. Diplomacy successfully detached from France and the in 1416 paved the way to end the in the Church.1417–20 campaign. Late 15th-century depiction of Henry's marriage to., London.With those two potential enemies gone, and after two years of patient preparation following the Battle of Agincourt, Henry renewed the war on a larger scale in 1417. After, Lower was quickly conquered and was cut off from Paris and besieged.

Cast an even darker shadow on the reputation of the king than his order to slay the French prisoners at Agincourt. Rouen, starving and unable to support the women and children of the town, forced them out through the gates believing that Henry would allow them to pass through his army unmolested. However, Henry refused to allow this, and the expelled women and children died of starvation in the ditches surrounding the town. The French were paralysed by the between. Henry skilfully played them off one against the other without relaxing his warlike approach.In January 1419, Rouen fell. Those Norman French who had resisted were severely punished:, who had hanged English prisoners from the walls of Rouen, was summarily executed; Robert de Livet, who had excommunicated the English king, was packed off to England and imprisoned for five years.By August, the English were outside the walls of.

The intrigues of the French parties culminated in the, by the 's partisans at on 10 September., the new duke, and the French court threw themselves into Henry's arms. After six months of negotiation, the recognised Henry as the heir and regent of France (see ), and on 2 June 1420 at, he married, the French king's daughter.

They had only one son, Henry, born on 6 December 1421 at. From June to July 1420, Henry's army besieged and took the military fortress castle at Montereau-Fault-Yonne close to Paris. He besieged and captured in November 1420, returning to England shortly thereafter. In 1428, Charles VII retook Montereau-Fault-Yonne, to once again see the English take it over within a short time. Finally, on 10 October 1437, Charles VII was victorious in regaining Montereau-Fault-Yonne.1421 campaign While he was in England, Henry's brother, led the English forces in France. On 22 March 1421, Thomas led the English to a disastrous defeat at the against a Franco-Scottish army.

The duke was killed in the battle. On 10 June, Henry sailed back to France to retrieve the situation. It would be his last military campaign. From July to August, Henry's forces besieged and captured, thus relieving allied forces at.

On 6 October, his forces to, capturing it on 11 May 1422.Death Henry V died suddenly on 31 August 1422, at the. He was thought to have died from, supposedly contracted during the.

However, a severe and lethal contraction of dysentery would have probably incapacitated him long before the end of August. Another plausible cause of death is; the last day he was active he had been riding in full armour in blistering heat. He was 35 years old and had reigned for nine years.Shortly before his death, Henry V named his brother, regent of France in the name of his son, then only a few months old. Henry V did not live to be crowned King of France himself, as he might confidently have expected after the Treaty of Troyes, because the sickly Charles VI, to whom he had been named heir, survived him by two months.Henry's comrade-in-arms and, brought Henry's body back to England and bore the at his funeral. Henry V was buried in Westminster Abbey on 7 November 1422. An exhumation in 1953, in which it appeared that Henry V shared a grave with, led to speculation that Henry and Courtenay had been lovers. However, Courtenay's grave was found in the base of Henry's chantry, perchance disturbed when the king's memorial was built.

Henry's last will and codicils, which gave specific instructions on how he should be buried, make no mention of a co-burial with anyone else. Arms Henry's were, by a argent of three points.

Upon his accession, he inherited use of the arms of the kingdom undifferenced.